{"id":2297,"date":"2024-06-04T17:05:05","date_gmt":"2024-06-04T15:05:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/?page_id=2297"},"modified":"2025-02-05T15:50:49","modified_gmt":"2025-02-05T14:50:49","slug":"consulting","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/services\/consulting\/","title":{"rendered":"Consul\u00adting"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/who-we-are\/\">About us<\/a>\n    <\/li>\n<li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/skills\/\">Com\u00adpe\u00adtences<\/a>\n    <\/li>\n<li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/services\/\">Ser\u00advices<\/a>\n    <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>Consulting<\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h3>Water resources<\/h3>\n<div>\n<p>Unders\u00adtan\u00adding karst ground\u00adwa\u00adter requires a 3D assess\u00adment of the geo\u00adlo\u00adgy. <a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/pdf\/Fr\/Rd\/ISSKA_Brochure_KARSYS_FR.pdf\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>KARSYS<\/u><\/a> is a deduc\u00adtive approach based on the geo\u00adlo\u00adgy of a site and the hydrau\u00adlic prin\u00adciples gover\u00adning kars\u00adti\u00adfi\u00adca\u00adtion. Once a site is defi\u00adned, SISKA deploys a 4 step approach&nbsp;: (i) iden\u00adti\u00adfying the kars\u00adtic pro\u00adper\u00adties of the aqui\u00adfers, (ii) esta\u00adbli\u00adshing a 3D geo\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00adcal model of aqui\u00adfer units, (iii) gene\u00adra\u00adting a 3D hydro\u00adgeo\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00adcal model through inte\u00adgra\u00adtion of hydro\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00adcal data and (iv) iden\u00adti\u00adfi\u00adca\u00adtion and deli\u00admi\u00adta\u00adtion of flow sys\u00adtems.<br> This results in&nbsp;:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>the deli\u00admi\u00adta\u00adtion of spring basins&nbsp;;<\/li>\n<li>the volu\u00adme\u00adtric assess\u00adment of ground\u00adwa\u00adter resources&nbsp;;<\/li>\n<li>a model of under\u00adground water flow paths.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.visualkarsys.com\/\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Visual\u00adKAR\u00adSYS,<\/u><\/a> is a free online ser\u00advice for buil\u00adding and vie\u00adwing KARSYS models.<\/p>\n<p>Karst\u00adMOD (hydro\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00adcal and hydrau\u00adlic models) makes it pos\u00adsible to <strong>simu\u00adlate ground\u00adwa\u00adter dyna\u00admics<\/strong> quan\u00adti\u00adta\u00adti\u00adve\u00adly, and assess recharge (effec\u00adtive infil\u00adtra\u00adtion), sto\u00adrage and flow at one or more out\u00adlets.<\/p>\n<p>SISKA applies methods and tools to stu\u00addy the <strong>vul\u00adne\u00adra\u00adbi\u00adli\u00adty of ground\u00adwa\u00adter,<\/strong>the deli\u00admi\u00adta\u00adtion of <strong>pro\u00adtec\u00adtion zones<\/strong> and the search for <strong>sources of pol\u00adlu\u00adtion<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In col\u00adla\u00adbo\u00adra\u00adtion with other spe\u00adcia\u00adlist part\u00adners, SISKA offers solu\u00adtions for pros\u00adpec\u00adting and exploi\u00adting ground\u00adwa\u00adter. This includes the ana\u00adly\u00adsis of spring flows and simu\u00adla\u00adting of flows under dif\u00adferent sce\u00adna\u00adrios (meteo\u00adro\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00adcal, anthro\u00adpo\u00adge\u00adnic impacts, exploi\u00adta\u00adtion stra\u00adte\u00adgies).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h3>Karst hazards<\/h3>\n<div>\n<p>SISKA pro\u00adposes spe\u00adci\u00adfic approaches for asses\u00adsing the hazards karst poses on construc\u00adtion and various acti\u00advi\u00adties.<\/p>\n<h6>Civil engineering and karst<\/h6>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">During construc\u00adtion, par\u00adti\u00adcu\u00adlar\u00adly under\u00adground (<strong>tun\u00adnels, gal\u00adle\u00adries,<\/strong> reser\u00advoirs\u2026), the kars\u00adtic envi\u00adron\u00adment can present struc\u00adtu\u00adral pro\u00adblems. These include unex\u00adpec\u00adted voids, pres\u00adsu\u00adri\u00adzed water and the pre\u00adsence of poor\u00adly conso\u00adli\u00adda\u00adted sedi\u00adments. Using the <a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/pdf\/Fr\/Competences\/ISSKA_Brochure_KarstALEA_FR.pdf\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Karst ALEA<\/u><\/a> method, the SISKA can <strong>pre\u00addict poten\u00adtial hazards<\/strong>, pro\u00adpose pro\u00adtec\u00adtive mea\u00adsures to mini\u00admise them and make <strong>recom\u00admen\u00adda\u00adtions<\/strong> to manage pro\u00adblems should they occur.<\/p>\n<h6>Wind turbines and karst<\/h6>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">SISKA is deve\u00adlo\u00adping methods for <a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/pdf\/brochure_eoliennes_f.pdf\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>asses\u00adsing and sup\u00adpor\u00adting the ins\u00adtal\u00adla\u00adtion of wind tur\u00adbines<\/u><\/a> in karst regions. The aim is to mini\u00admise the risks of karst to infra\u00adstruc\u00adture sta\u00adbi\u00adli\u00adty. <a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/pdf\/Fr\/Co\/Patrimoine\/ISSKA_BrochureEvaluationProjet_FR.pdf\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">An infor\u00adma\u00adtio\u00adnal bro\u00adchure on this issue has been publi\u00adshed by the SSS.<\/a><\/p>\n<h6>Infiltrations<\/h6>\n<p>In an urban kars\u00adtic envi\u00adron\u00adment, the fede\u00adral recom\u00admen\u00adda\u00adtion to infil\u00adtrate grey water (roof and road water) is pro\u00adble\u00adma\u00adtic because this infil\u00adtra\u00adtion may faci\u00adli\u00adtate col\u00adlapses. SISKA can draw up col\u00adlapse hazard maps and assess\u00adments. In the event of a col\u00adlapse, tar\u00adge\u00adted recom\u00admen\u00adda\u00adtions can be issued.<\/p>\n<p>If infil\u00adtra\u00adtion sites are selec\u00adted, SISKA can issue recom\u00admen\u00adda\u00adtions on accep\u00adtable infil\u00adtra\u00adtion flow rates and condi\u00adtions.<\/p>\n<h6>Collapse hazards<\/h6>\n<p>The kars\u00adtic sub\u00adsur\u00adface contains nume\u00adrous cavi\u00adties, some\u00adtimes cove\u00adred by a thin layer of soil. Col\u00adlapses are the\u00adre\u00adfore not uncom\u00admon. SISKA can pro\u00adduce site spe\u00adci\u00adfic col\u00adlapse hazard maps and assess\u00adments.<\/p>\n<h6>Geothermal<\/h6>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">The spe\u00adci\u00adfic cha\u00adrac\u00adte\u00adris\u00adtics of karst can lead to poor constraints on geo\u00adther\u00admal pro\u00adjects. Indeed, due to the signi\u00adfi\u00adcant cir\u00adcu\u00adla\u00adtion of air and water, kars\u00adtic mas\u00adsifs are col\u00adder than other envi\u00adron\u00adments. Howe\u00adver, kars\u00adtic springs drain geo\u00adther\u00admal heat and represent an inter\u00ades\u00adting resource. SISKA has unique exper\u00adtise that enables it to assess ener\u00adgy poten\u00adtial and deve\u00adlop a stra\u00adte\u00adgy for geo\u00adther\u00admal exploi\u00adta\u00adtion in car\u00adbo\u00adnate regions.<\/p>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">SISKA can pre\u00adpare pres\u00adcrip\u00adtion maps for the ins\u00adtal\u00adla\u00adtion of <strong>geo\u00adther\u00admal probes<\/strong> based on ground\u00adwa\u00adter vul\u00adne\u00adra\u00adbi\u00adli\u00adty cri\u00adte\u00adria.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h3>Impact studies<\/h3>\n<div>\n<p>The construc\u00adtion pro\u00adjects and various human acti\u00advi\u00adties (tun\u00adnels, gal\u00adle\u00adries, roads, wind tur\u00adbines, geo\u00adther\u00admal ener\u00adgy, infil\u00adtra\u00adtion of grey water, etc.) can have an impact on the kars\u00adtic envi\u00adron\u00adment. SISKA is spe\u00adcia\u00adli\u00adsed in asses\u00adsing and mini\u00admi\u00adsing these impacts in accor\u00addance with the Ordi\u00adnance on Envi\u00adron\u00admen\u00adtal Impact Assess\u00adment (OEIE).<\/p>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">SISKA has deve\u00adlo\u00adped a series of tools and methods for such assess\u00adments (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.visualkarsys.com\/\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Visual KARSYS<\/u><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/pdf\/Fr\/Competences\/ISSKA_Brochure_KarstALEA_FR.pdf\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Karst ALEA<\/u><\/a> and others).<\/p>\n<h6>Impact on groundwater<\/h6>\n<p>In kars\u00adtic envi\u00adron\u00adments, almost all rain\u00adwa\u00adter infil\u00adtrates the sub\u00adsoil and, after a few days to weeks, emerges from springs that then feed rivers. Deve\u00adlop\u00adments and struc\u00adtures can modi\u00adfy the water\u2019s flow regime and qua\u00adli\u00adty. These changes can be cri\u00adti\u00adcal for drin\u00adking water catch\u00adments, rivers and under\u00adground aqua\u00adtic fau\u00adna. SISKA can assess these impacts and seek solu\u00adtions that mini\u00admise them.<\/p>\n<h6>Impact on underground fauna<\/h6>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">The under\u00adground envi\u00adron\u00adment is home to a spe\u00adci\u00adfic and varied fau\u00adna inclu\u00adding seve\u00adral <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Endmisme\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>ende\u00admic spe\u00adcies<\/u><\/a>. Under\u00adground habi\u00adtats are very stable because they are rela\u00adti\u00adve\u00adly unaf\u00adfec\u00adted by exter\u00adnal varia\u00adtions (cli\u00admate, urba\u00adni\u00adsa\u00adtion, etc.). Howe\u00adver, their inha\u00adbi\u00adtants are very sen\u00adsi\u00adtive to change. SISKA can assess the fau\u00adna present, the sen\u00adsi\u00adti\u00advi\u00adty of the habi\u00adtats and the poten\u00adtial or actual influences of a deve\u00adlop\u00adment or construc\u00adtion pro\u00adject.<\/p>\n<h6>Impact on the underground climate<\/h6>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">The tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adture and humi\u00addi\u00adty (&gt;98%) under\u00adground is almost constant year-round. Any dis\u00adrup\u00adtion to these <strong>cli\u00adma\u00adtic condi\u00adtions<\/strong> will have an impact on the cave, the fau\u00adna and any archaeo\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00adcal arte\u00adfacts found there. Fur\u00adther\u00admore, the under\u00adground atmos\u00adphere is often enri\u00adched with CO<sub>2<\/sub> and radon, which can cause pro\u00adblems if the cave is occu\u00adpied for long per\u00adiods (e.g. archaeo\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00adcal exca\u00adva\u00adtions, tou\u00adrist visits). SISKA can mea\u00adsure and moni\u00adtor the cha\u00adrac\u00adte\u00adris\u00adtics of an under\u00adground cli\u00admate sys\u00adtem and can the\u00adre\u00adfore assess the impact of a deve\u00adlop\u00adment or construc\u00adtion pro\u00adject on cave cli\u00admate.<\/p>\n<h6>Impact on the karstic landscape<\/h6>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Kars\u00adtic land\u00adscapes have been reco\u00adgni\u00adzed world\u00adwide for their impor\u00adtance to our natu\u00adral heri\u00adtage (18 loca\u00adtions are lis\u00adted as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.naturalworldheritagesites.org\/sites\/list-map-and-description-of-caves-and-karst-sites\/\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>UNESCO World Heri\u00adtage sites<\/u><\/a> and nume\u00adrous others are lis\u00adted in the fede\u00adral land\u00adscape inven\u00adto\u00adry). In Swit\u00adzer\u00adland, sin\u00adkholes, potholes and caves are often not expli\u00adcit\u00adly inven\u00adto\u00adried, even though they form part of the coun\u00adtry\u2019s natu\u00adral heri\u00adtage. SISKA can iden\u00adti\u00adfy these objects, assess them and seek solu\u00adtions to mini\u00admise poten\u00adtial impacts on these fea\u00adtures.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h3>Visual Karsys<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h3>Tunnel boring<\/h3>\n<div>\n<p>The Karst ALEA method was deve\u00adlo\u00adped spe\u00adci\u00adfi\u00adcal\u00adly to assess the pro\u00adblems posed by kars\u00adtic envi\u00adron\u00adments during the construc\u00adtion of a struc\u00adture and the impact of the pro\u00adject on the envi\u00adron\u00adment. It can be used to pre\u00addict the posi\u00adtion and cha\u00adrac\u00adte\u00adris\u00adtics of kars\u00adtic cavi\u00adties in a limes\u00adtone mas\u00adsif.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>It also serves as a basis for dra\u00adwing up col\u00adlapse hazard maps.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/pdf\/De\/Kompetenzen\/KarstALEA.pdf\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Link to applied methods Karst ALEA<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!--more--><br>\n<!-- {\"type\":\"layout\",\"children\":[{\"type\":\"section\",\"props\":{\"css\":\"@media (max-width:759px) {\\n  .el-section {\\n      height: 370px;\\n    }\\n}\\n@media (min-width:760px) {\\n    .el-section {\\n        height: 275px;\\n    }\\n}\\n@media (min-width:1200px) {\\n    .el-section {\\n        height: 340px;\\n    }\\n}\\n@media (min-width:1600px) {\\n    .el-section {\\n        height: 580px;\\n    }\\n}\\n@media (min-width:1600px) and (max-height:1100px) {\\n    .el-section {\\n        height: 460px;\\n    }\\n}\",\"image\":\"wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/01\\\/CreteVaas_2023_RW_5-scaled.jpg\",\"image_position\":\"center-center\",\"image_size\":\"cover\",\"padding\":\"large\",\"style\":\"default\",\"title_breakpoint\":\"xl\",\"title_position\":\"top-left\",\"title_rotation\":\"left\",\"vertical_align\":\"middle\",\"width\":\"default\"},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"row\",\"children\":[{\"type\":\"column\",\"props\":{\"image_position\":\"center-center\",\"position_sticky_breakpoint\":\"m\"},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"button\",\"props\":{\"css\":\".el-content {\\n    font-family: \\\"Century Gothic\\\", Verdana, sans-serif;\\n    }\\n@media (max-width:759px) {\\n  .el-content {\\n    margin: 10px 50px; \\n    width: 250px;\\n    position: relative;\\n    top: 180px;\\n  }\\n}\\n@media (min-width:760px) {\\n  .el-content {\\n    margin: 10px 6px; \\n    width: 217px;\\n    position: relative;\\n    top: 104px;\\n  }\\n}\\n@media (min-width:1200px) {\\n  .el-content {\\n    width: 260px;\\n    margin: 0px 40px;\\n    position: relative;\\n    top: 165px;\\n  }\\n}\\n@media (min-width:1600px) {\\n  .el-content {\\n    margin-top: 250px;\\n }\\n} \\n@media (min-width:1600px) and (max-height:1100px) {\\n  .el-content {\\n    margin-top: 130px;\\n }\\n} \",\"fullwidth\":false,\"grid_column_gap\":\"collapse\",\"grid_row_gap\":\"small\",\"margin\":\"default\",\"position_bottom\":\"-93\",\"position_z_index\":\"2\",\"text_align\":\"center\"},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"button_item\",\"props\":{\"button_style\":\"primary\",\"content\":\"Qui sommes nous\",\"icon_align\":\"left\",\"link\":\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/qui-sommes-nous\"}},{\"type\":\"button_item\",\"props\":{\"button_style\":\"primary\",\"content\":\"Comp\\u00e9tences\",\"icon_align\":\"left\",\"link\":\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/competences\\\/\"}},{\"type\":\"button_item\",\"props\":{\"button_style\":\"primary\",\"content\":\"Prestations\",\"icon_align\":\"left\",\"link\":\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/prestations\\\/\"}}]}]}]}],\"name\":\"Header\"},{\"type\":\"section\",\"props\":{\"css\":\"@media (max-width: 759px) {\\n    .el-row {\\n        padding-top: 135px;\\n    }\\n}\\n@media (max-width: 759px) and (orientation:landscape) {\\n    .el-row {\\n        padding-top: 140px;\\n    }\\n}\\n.el-section {\\n    font-family: 'Century Gothic', Verdana, sans-serif;\\n}\",\"image_position\":\"center-center\",\"style\":\"default\",\"title_breakpoint\":\"xl\",\"title_position\":\"top-left\",\"title_rotation\":\"left\",\"vertical_align\":\"middle\",\"width\":\"default\"},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"row\",\"children\":[{\"type\":\"column\",\"props\":{\"image_position\":\"center-center\",\"position_sticky_breakpoint\":\"m\"},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"breadcrumbs\",\"props\":{\"show_current\":true,\"show_home\":true,\"visibility\":\"s\"},\"name\":\"Breadcrumbs\"},{\"type\":\"headline\",\"props\":{\"content\":\"Consulting\",\"title_element\":\"h1\"},\"name\":\"Titre\"},{\"type\":\"accordion\",\"props\":{\"collapsible\":true,\"content_column_breakpoint\":\"m\",\"image_align\":\"top\",\"image_grid_breakpoint\":\"m\",\"image_grid_width\":\"1-2\",\"image_svg_color\":\"emphasis\",\"link_style\":\"default\",\"link_text\":\"Read more\",\"show_image\":true,\"show_link\":true},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"accordion_item\",\"props\":{\"content\":\"\n\n<p>Les eaux souterraines karstiques requierent une \\u00e9valuation de la g\\u00e9ologie en 3D. <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/pdf\\\/Fr\\\/Rd\\\/ISSKA_Brochure_KARSYS_FR.pdf\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>KARSYS<\\\/u><\\\/a> est une approche d\\u00e9ductive bas\\u00e9e sur la g\\u00e9ologie du site et sur des principes hydrauliques gouvernant la karstification. Sur un site d\\u00e9fini, l\\u2019approche se d\\u00e9ploie en 4 \\u00e9tapes : (i) identification des propri\\u00e9t\\u00e9s karstiques des aquif\\u00e8res, (ii) \\u00e9tablissement d\\u2019un mod\\u00e8le g\\u00e9ologique 3D des unit\\u00e9s aquif\\u00e8res, (iii) \\u00e9tablissement d\\u2019un mod\\u00e8le hydrog\\u00e9ologique 3D des aquif\\u00e8res par int\\u00e9gration des donn\\u00e9es hydrologiques et (iv) identification et d\\u00e9limitation des syst\\u00e8mes d\\u2019\\u00e9coulement.<br \/> Elle aboutit :<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<ul>\\n\n\n<li>\\u00e0 la d\\u00e9limitation des bassins des sources;<\\\/li>\\n\n\n<li>\\u00e0 l'\\u00e9valuation du volume de la r\\u00e9serve d'eau souterraine;<\\\/li>\\n\n\n<li>\\u00e0 une esquisse du cheminement de l'eau sous terre.<\\\/li>\\n<\\\/ul>\\n\n\n<p><a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.visualkarsys.com\\\/\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>VisualKARSYS<\\\/u><\\\/a> est un service en ligne gratuit permettant de construire et de visualiser les mod\\u00e8les KARSYS.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p>KarstMOD (mod\\u00e8les hydrologiques et hydrauliques) permet de <strong>simuler la dynamique des eaux souterraines<\\\/strong> de mani\\u00e8re quantitative, et ainsi d'\\u00e9valuer la recharge (infiltration efficace), le stockage,\\u00a0et le d\\u00e9bit d\\u2019un ou de plusieurs exutoire(s) en particulier.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p>L\\u2019ISSKA applique des m\\u00e9thodes et outils pour l\\u2019\\u00e9tude de <strong>la vuln\\u00e9rabilit\\u00e9 des eaux souterraines<\\\/strong>, la d\\u00e9limitation des <strong>zones de protection<\\\/strong> et la recherche de <strong>sources de pollution<\\\/strong>.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p>En collaboration avec d\\u2019autres partenaires sp\\u00e9cialis\\u00e9s, l'ISSKA offre des solutions pour la prospection et l'exploitation des eaux souterraines incluant une analyse des d\\u00e9bits des sources et la simulation des \\u00e9coulements sous diff\\u00e9rents sc\\u00e9narios (m\\u00e9t\\u00e9orologiques, impacts anthropiques, strat\\u00e9gies d\\u2019exploitations).<\\\/p>\",\"title\":\"Ressources en eau\"}},{\"type\":\"accordion_item\",\"props\":{\"content\":\"\n\n<p>L\\u2019ISSKA propose des d\\u00e9marches sp\\u00e9cifiques pour l\\u2019\\u00e9valuation des dangers que repr\\u00e9sente le karst pour diff\\u00e9rentes constructions et activit\\u00e9es.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>G\\u00e9nie civil et karst<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>Lors d'une construction, particuli\\u00e8rement les souterraine (<strong>tunnels, galeries,<\\\/strong> r\\u00e9servoirs\\u2026) le milieu karstique peut repr\\u00e9senter un probl\\u00e8me pour l'ouvrage (vide impr\\u00e9vu, eau sous pression et en grande quantit\\u00e9, pr\\u00e9sence de s\\u00e9diments peu consolid\\u00e9s). Gr\\u00e2ce \\u00e0 la m\\u00e9thode <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/pdf\\\/Fr\\\/Competences\\\/ISSKA_Brochure_KarstALEA_FR.pdf\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>Karst ALEA<\\\/u><\\\/a>, l\\u2019ISSKA peut <strong>pr\\u00e9dire les dangers potentiels<\\\/strong>, proposer des mesures de protection pour les minimiser et des <strong>recommandations<\\\/strong> pour les g\\u00e9rer au cas o\\u00f9 un probl\\u00e8me intervient.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>Eoliennes et karst<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>L\\u2019ISSKA d\\u00e9veloppe des m\\u00e9thodes pour <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/pdf\\\/brochure_eoliennes_f.pdf\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>\\u00e9valuer et accompagner l\\u2019implantation de mats \\u00e9oliens<\\\/u><\\\/a> en r\\u00e9gions karstiques. Le but est de minimiser les dangers du karst pour la stabilit\\u00e9 des infrastructures. <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/pdf\\\/Fr\\\/Co\\\/Patrimoine\\\/ISSKA_BrochureEvaluationProjet_FR.pdf\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">Une brochure d'information sur cette probl\\u00e9matique a \\u00e9t\\u00e9 \\u00e9dit\\u00e9e par la SSS.<\\\/a><\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>Infiltrations<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>En milieu karstique urbain, la recommandation f\\u00e9derale d'infiltration des eaux grises (eaux de toits et de routes) est probl\\u00e9matique dans la mesure o\\u00f9 ces infiltrations tendent \\u00e0 produire des effondrements. L'ISSKA peut \\u00e9tablir des cartes de dangers d'effondrements et des \\u00e9valuations \\u00e0 l'\\u00e9chelle de la parcelle. En cas d'effondrement des recommandations cibl\\u00e9es peuvent \\u00eatre d\\u00e9livr\\u00e9es.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p>Au cas o\\u00f9 des sites d'infiltration sont retenus, l'ISSKA peut d\\u00e9livrer des recommandations sur les conditions et les d\\u00e9bits d'eau infiltrables.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>Dangers d'effondrement<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>Le sous-sol karstique renferme de nombreuses cavit\\u00e9es, parfois situ\\u00e9es recouverte par une faible \\u00e9paisseure de terrain. Il n'est donc pas rare que des effondrements se produisent. L'ISSKA peut \\u00e9tablir des cartes de dangers d'effondrements et des \\u00e9valuations \\u00e0 l'\\u00e9chelle de la parcelle.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>G\\u00e9othermie<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>Les sp\\u00e9cificit\\u00e9s du karst peuvent conduire \\u00e0 un mauvais dimensionnement de projets g\\u00e9othermiques. En effet, en raison de l'importante circulation d'air et d'eau, les massifs karstiques sont plus froids que les autres types de milieux. Toutefois les sources karstiques drainent la chaleur g\\u00e9othermique et repr\\u00e9sentent des ressources int\\u00e9ressantes. L'ISSKA dispose d'une expertise unique qui permet d\\u2019<strong>\\u00e9valuer le potentiel \\u00e9nerg\\u00e9tique<\\\/strong> et la strat\\u00e9gie d'exploitation g\\u00e9othermique en r\\u00e9gion carbonat\\u00e9e.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p>L\\u2019ISSKA peut \\u00e9tablir des cartes de prescription pour l\\u2019implantation de <strong>sondes g\\u00e9othermiques<\\\/strong> en fonction de crit\\u00e8res de vuln\\u00e9rabilit\\u00e9 des eaux souterraines.<\\\/p>\",\"title\":\"Dangers li\\u00e9s au karst\"}},{\"type\":\"accordion_item\",\"props\":{\"content\":\"\n\n<p>La construction d'ouvrages et diverses activit\\u00e9es humaines (tunnels, galeries, routes, \\u00e9oliennes, g\\u00e9othermie, infiltrations d'eaux grises, etc.) peuvent induire des impacts sur le milieu karstique. L'ISSKA est sp\\u00e9cialis\\u00e9 pour les \\u00e9valuer et les minimiser, conformement \\u00e0 l'Ordonnance relative \\u00e0 l'\\u00e9tude de l'impact sur l'environnement (OEIE).<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p>L'ISSKA a developp\\u00e9 une s\\u00e9rie d'outils et de m\\u00e9thodes pour de telles \\u00e9valuations (<a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.visualkarsys.com\\\/\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>Visual KARSYS<\\\/u><\\\/a>, <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/pdf\\\/Fr\\\/Competences\\\/ISSKA_Brochure_KarstALEA_FR.pdf\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>Karst ALEA<\\\/u><\\\/a> et autres).<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>Impact sur les eaux souterraines<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>En milieu karstique la quasi totalit\\u00e9 des eaux de pluie s'infiltre dans le sous-sol et transite en quelques jours \\u00e0 quelques semaines vers les sources qui alimentent les rivi\\u00e8res. Les am\\u00e9nagements et ouvrages peuvent modifier le r\\u00e9gime, le cheminement et la qualit\\u00e9 des eaux. Ces modifications peuvent \\u00eatre critiques pour les captages d'eau potable, les rivi\\u00e8res et la faune aquatique souterraine. L'ISSKA peut \\u00e9valuer ces impacts et chercher des solutions pour les minimiser.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>Impact sur la faune souterraine<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>Le milieu souterrain abrite une faune sp\\u00e9cifique et vari\\u00e9e incluant plusieurs <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/fr.wikipedia.org\\\/wiki\\\/End%C3%A9misme\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>esp\\u00e8ces end\\u00e9miques<\\\/u><\\\/a>. Les habitats souterrains sont tr\\u00e8s stable car peu connect\\u00e9s aux variations ext\\u00e9rieures (climat, urbanisation, etc.). Par contre leurs habitants sont eux tr\\u00e8s sensibles aux changements. L'ISSKA peut \\u00e9valuer la faune pr\\u00e9sente, la sensibilit\\u00e9 des habitats et les influences potentielles ou effectives d'un projet d'amenagement ou de construction.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>Impact sur le climat souterrain<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>La temp\\u00e9rature sous terre est presque constante et l'air y est humide (&gt;98%) toute l'ann\\u00e9e. Toute perturbation de ces <strong>conditions climatiques<\\\/strong> aura un impact sur la grotte, la faune et les \\u00e9ventuels objets arch\\u00e9ologiques qui s'y trouvent. L'atmosph\\u00e8re souterraine est souvent enrichie en CO<sub>2<\\\/sub> et en radon, ce qui peut poser des probl\\u00e8mes en cas de pr\\u00e9sence prolong\\u00e9e (p.ex. fouilles arch\\u00e9ologiques, visites touristiques). L'ISSKA connait et mesure les caract\\u00e9ristiques du climat souterrain et peut ainsi \\u00e9valuer l'impact d'un projet d'amenagement ou de construction.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>Impact sur le paysage karstique<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>Le paysage karstique repr\\u00e9sente un patrimoine reconnu partout \\u00e0 travers le monde (18 sites inscrits au <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.naturalworldheritagesites.org\\\/sites\\\/list-map-and-description-of-caves-and-karst-sites\\\/\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>patrimoine mondial de l'UNESCO<\\\/u><\\\/a> et de nombreux sites inscrits \\u00e0 l'inventaire f\\u00e9deral des paysage). En Suisse, dolines, lapi\\u00e9s et grottes ne  sont souvent pas inventori\\u00e9s explicitement bien qu'il fassent partie des objets particuliers du patrimoine naturel. L'ISSKA peut identifier ces objets, les \\u00e9valuer et chercher des solutions pour minimiser les impacts potentiels.<\\\/p>\",\"title\":\"\\u00c9tudes d'impact\"}},{\"type\":\"accordion_item\",\"props\":{\"content\":\"\",\"title\":\"Visual Karsys\"}},{\"type\":\"accordion_item\",\"props\":{\"content\":\"\n\n<p>La m\\u00e9thode Karst ALEA a \\u00e9t\\u00e9 d\\u00e9velopp\\u00e9e sp\\u00e9cifiquement pour \\u00e9valuer les probl\\u00e8mes que le milieu karstique pose lors de la construction d'un ouvrage ainsi que\\u00a0les impacts du projet sur l'environnement. Elle permet de pr\\u00e9dire la position et les caract\\u00e9ristiques des cavit\\u00e9s karstiques dans un massif calcaire.\\u00a0<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p>Elle sert aussi de base \\u00e0 l'\\u00e9tablissement de cartes de dangers d'effondrements.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p><a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/pdf\\\/De\\\/Kompetenzen\\\/KarstALEA.pdf\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>Lien vers m\\u00e9thodes appliqu\\u00e9es Karst ALEA<\\\/u><\\\/a><\\\/p>\",\"title\":\"Percement de tunnel\"}}]}]}]}],\"name\":\"Breadcrumbs_Title_Text_Sub\"}],\"version\":\"4.3.5\"} --><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qui sommes nous Com\u00adp\u00e9\u00adtences Pres\u00adta\u00adtions Consul\u00adting Res\u00adsources en eau Les eaux sou\u00adter\u00adraines kars\u00adtiques requierent une \u00e9va\u00adlua\u00adtion de la g\u00e9o\u00adlo\u00adgie en 3D. KARSYS est une approche d\u00e9duc\u00adtive bas\u00e9e sur la g\u00e9o\u00adlo\u00adgie du site et sur des prin\u00adcipes hydrau\u00adliques gou\u00adver\u00adnant la kars\u00adti\u00adfi\u00adca\u00adtion. Sur un site d\u00e9fi\u00adni, l\u2019approche se d\u00e9ploie en 4 \u00e9tapes&nbsp;: (i) iden\u00adti\u00adfi\u00adca\u00adtion des pro\u00adpri\u00e9\u00adt\u00e9s [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":186,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2297","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2297","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2297"}],"version-history":[{"count":98,"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2297\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2988,"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2297\/revisions\/2988"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/186"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2297"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2297"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2297"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}