{"id":2297,"date":"2024-06-04T17:05:05","date_gmt":"2024-06-04T15:05:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/?page_id=2297"},"modified":"2025-02-05T15:50:49","modified_gmt":"2025-02-05T14:50:49","slug":"consulting","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/services\/consulting\/","title":{"rendered":"Consul\u00adting"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/who-we-are\/\">About us<\/a>\n    <\/li>\n<li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/skills\/\">Com\u00adpe\u00adtences<\/a>\n    <\/li>\n<li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/services\/\">Ser\u00advices<\/a>\n    <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>Consulting<\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h3>Water resources<\/h3>\n<div>\n<p>Un\u00adders\u00adtan\u00adding karst ground\u00adwa\u00adter re\u00adquires a 3D as\u00adsess\u00adment of the geo\u00adlo\u00adgy. <a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/pdf\/Fr\/Rd\/ISSKA_Brochure_KARSYS_FR.pdf\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>KARSYS<\/u><\/a> is a de\u00adduc\u00adtive ap\u00adproach ba\u00adsed on the geo\u00adlo\u00adgy of a site and the hy\u00addrau\u00adlic prin\u00adciples go\u00adver\u00adning kars\u00adti\u00adfi\u00adca\u00adtion. Once a site is de\u00adfi\u00adned, SISKA de\u00adploys a 4 step ap\u00adproach: (i) iden\u00adti\u00adfying the kars\u00adtic pro\u00adper\u00adties of the aqui\u00adfers, (ii) es\u00adta\u00adbli\u00adshing a 3D geo\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00adcal mo\u00addel of aqui\u00adfer units, (iii) ge\u00adne\u00adra\u00adting a 3D hy\u00addro\u00adgeo\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00adcal mo\u00addel through in\u00adte\u00adgra\u00adtion of hy\u00addro\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00adcal da\u00adta and (iv) iden\u00adti\u00adfi\u00adca\u00adtion and de\u00adli\u00admi\u00adta\u00adtion of flow sys\u00adtems.<br> This re\u00adsults in:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>the de\u00adli\u00admi\u00adta\u00adtion of spring ba\u00adsins;<\/li>\n<li>the vo\u00adlu\u00adme\u00adtric as\u00adsess\u00adment of ground\u00adwa\u00adter re\u00adsources;<\/li>\n<li>a mo\u00addel of un\u00adder\u00adground wa\u00adter flow paths.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.visualkarsys.com\/\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Vi\u00adsual\u00adKAR\u00adSYS,<\/u><\/a> is a free on\u00adline ser\u00advice for buil\u00adding and vie\u00adwing KARSYS mo\u00addels.<\/p>\n<p>Karst\u00adMOD (hy\u00addro\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00adcal and hy\u00addrau\u00adlic mo\u00addels) makes it pos\u00adsible to <strong>si\u00admu\u00adlate ground\u00adwa\u00adter dy\u00adna\u00admics<\/strong> quan\u00adti\u00adta\u00adti\u00adve\u00adly, and as\u00adsess re\u00adcharge (ef\u00adfec\u00adtive in\u00adfil\u00adtra\u00adtion), sto\u00adrage and flow at one or more out\u00adlets.<\/p>\n<p>SISKA ap\u00adplies me\u00adthods and tools to stu\u00addy the <strong>vul\u00adne\u00adra\u00adbi\u00adli\u00adty of ground\u00adwa\u00adter,<\/strong>the de\u00adli\u00admi\u00adta\u00adtion of <strong>pro\u00adtec\u00adtion zones<\/strong> and the search for <strong>sources of pol\u00adlu\u00adtion<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In col\u00adla\u00adbo\u00adra\u00adtion with other spe\u00adcia\u00adlist part\u00adners, SISKA of\u00adfers so\u00adlu\u00adtions for pros\u00adpec\u00adting and ex\u00adploi\u00adting ground\u00adwa\u00adter. This in\u00adcludes the ana\u00adly\u00adsis of spring flows and si\u00admu\u00adla\u00adting of flows un\u00adder dif\u00adferent sce\u00adna\u00adrios (me\u00adteo\u00adro\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00adcal, an\u00adthro\u00adpo\u00adge\u00adnic im\u00adpacts, ex\u00adploi\u00adta\u00adtion stra\u00adte\u00adgies).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h3>Karst hazards<\/h3>\n<div>\n<p>SISKA pro\u00adposes spe\u00adci\u00adfic ap\u00adproaches for as\u00adses\u00adsing the ha\u00adzards karst poses on construc\u00adtion and va\u00adrious ac\u00adti\u00advi\u00adties.<\/p>\n<h6>Civil engineering and karst<\/h6>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Du\u00adring construc\u00adtion, par\u00adti\u00adcu\u00adlar\u00adly un\u00adder\u00adground (<strong>tun\u00adnels, gal\u00adle\u00adries,<\/strong> re\u00adser\u00advoirs...), the kars\u00adtic en\u00advi\u00adron\u00adment can present struc\u00adtu\u00adral pro\u00adblems. These in\u00adclude unex\u00adpec\u00adted voids, pres\u00adsu\u00adri\u00adzed wa\u00adter and the pre\u00adsence of poor\u00adly conso\u00adli\u00adda\u00adted se\u00addi\u00adments. Using the <a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/pdf\/Fr\/Competences\/ISSKA_Brochure_KarstALEA_FR.pdf\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Karst ALEA<\/u><\/a> me\u00adthod, the SISKA can <strong>pre\u00addict po\u00adten\u00adtial ha\u00adzards<\/strong>, pro\u00adpose pro\u00adtec\u00adtive mea\u00adsures to mi\u00adni\u00admise them and make <strong>re\u00adcom\u00admen\u00adda\u00adtions<\/strong> to ma\u00adnage pro\u00adblems should they oc\u00adcur.<\/p>\n<h6>Wind turbines and karst<\/h6>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">SISKA is de\u00adve\u00adlo\u00adping me\u00adthods for <a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/pdf\/brochure_eoliennes_f.pdf\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>as\u00adses\u00adsing and sup\u00adpor\u00adting the ins\u00adtal\u00adla\u00adtion of wind tur\u00adbines<\/u><\/a> in karst re\u00adgions. The aim is to mi\u00adni\u00admise the risks of karst to in\u00adfra\u00adstruc\u00adture sta\u00adbi\u00adli\u00adty. <a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/pdf\/Fr\/Co\/Patrimoine\/ISSKA_BrochureEvaluationProjet_FR.pdf\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">An in\u00adfor\u00adma\u00adtio\u00adnal bro\u00adchure on this is\u00adsue has been pu\u00adbli\u00adshed by the SSS.<\/a><\/p>\n<h6>Infiltrations<\/h6>\n<p>In an ur\u00adban kars\u00adtic en\u00advi\u00adron\u00adment, the fe\u00adde\u00adral re\u00adcom\u00admen\u00adda\u00adtion to in\u00adfil\u00adtrate grey wa\u00adter (roof and road wa\u00adter) is pro\u00adble\u00adma\u00adtic be\u00adcause this in\u00adfil\u00adtra\u00adtion may fa\u00adci\u00adli\u00adtate col\u00adlapses. SISKA can draw up col\u00adlapse ha\u00adzard maps and as\u00adsess\u00adments. In the event of a col\u00adlapse, tar\u00adge\u00adted re\u00adcom\u00admen\u00adda\u00adtions can be is\u00adsued.<\/p>\n<p>If in\u00adfil\u00adtra\u00adtion sites are se\u00adlec\u00adted, SISKA can is\u00adsue re\u00adcom\u00admen\u00adda\u00adtions on ac\u00adcep\u00adtable in\u00adfil\u00adtra\u00adtion flow rates and condi\u00adtions.<\/p>\n<h6>Collapse hazards<\/h6>\n<p>The kars\u00adtic sub\u00adsur\u00adface contains nu\u00adme\u00adrous ca\u00advi\u00adties, so\u00adme\u00adtimes co\u00adve\u00adred by a thin layer of soil. Col\u00adlapses are the\u00adre\u00adfore not un\u00adcom\u00admon. SISKA can pro\u00adduce site spe\u00adci\u00adfic col\u00adlapse ha\u00adzard maps and as\u00adsess\u00adments.<\/p>\n<h6>Geothermal<\/h6>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">The spe\u00adci\u00adfic cha\u00adrac\u00adte\u00adris\u00adtics of karst can lead to poor constraints on geo\u00adther\u00admal pro\u00adjects. In\u00addeed, due to the si\u00adgni\u00adfi\u00adcant cir\u00adcu\u00adla\u00adtion of air and wa\u00adter, kars\u00adtic mas\u00adsifs are col\u00adder than other en\u00advi\u00adron\u00adments. Ho\u00adwe\u00adver, kars\u00adtic springs drain geo\u00adther\u00admal heat and re\u00adpresent an in\u00adter\u00ades\u00adting re\u00adsource. SISKA has unique ex\u00adper\u00adtise that en\u00adables it to as\u00adsess ener\u00adgy po\u00adten\u00adtial and de\u00adve\u00adlop a stra\u00adte\u00adgy for geo\u00adther\u00admal ex\u00adploi\u00adta\u00adtion in car\u00adbo\u00adnate re\u00adgions.<\/p>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">SISKA can pre\u00adpare pres\u00adcrip\u00adtion maps for the ins\u00adtal\u00adla\u00adtion of <strong>geo\u00adther\u00admal probes<\/strong> ba\u00adsed on ground\u00adwa\u00adter vul\u00adne\u00adra\u00adbi\u00adli\u00adty cri\u00adte\u00adria.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h3>Impact studies<\/h3>\n<div>\n<p>The construc\u00adtion pro\u00adjects and va\u00adrious hu\u00adman ac\u00adti\u00advi\u00adties (tun\u00adnels, gal\u00adle\u00adries, roads, wind tur\u00adbines, geo\u00adther\u00admal ener\u00adgy, in\u00adfil\u00adtra\u00adtion of grey wa\u00adter, etc.) can have an im\u00adpact on the kars\u00adtic en\u00advi\u00adron\u00adment. SISKA is spe\u00adcia\u00adli\u00adsed in as\u00adses\u00adsing and mi\u00adni\u00admi\u00adsing these im\u00adpacts in ac\u00adcor\u00addance with the Or\u00addi\u00adnance on En\u00advi\u00adron\u00admen\u00adtal Im\u00adpact As\u00adsess\u00adment (OEIE).<\/p>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">SISKA has de\u00adve\u00adlo\u00adped a se\u00adries of tools and me\u00adthods for such as\u00adsess\u00adments (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.visualkarsys.com\/\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Vi\u00adsual KARSYS<\/u><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/pdf\/Fr\/Competences\/ISSKA_Brochure_KarstALEA_FR.pdf\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Karst ALEA<\/u><\/a> and others).<\/p>\n<h6>Impact on groundwater<\/h6>\n<p>In kars\u00adtic en\u00advi\u00adron\u00adments, al\u00admost all rain\u00adwa\u00adter in\u00adfil\u00adtrates the sub\u00adsoil and, af\u00adter a few days to weeks, emerges from springs that then feed ri\u00advers. De\u00adve\u00adlop\u00adments and struc\u00adtures can mo\u00addi\u00adfy the water's flow re\u00adgime and qua\u00adli\u00adty. These changes can be cri\u00adti\u00adcal for drin\u00adking wa\u00adter catch\u00adments, ri\u00advers and un\u00adder\u00adground aqua\u00adtic fau\u00adna. SISKA can as\u00adsess these im\u00adpacts and seek so\u00adlu\u00adtions that mi\u00adni\u00admise them.<\/p>\n<h6>Impact on underground fauna<\/h6>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">The un\u00adder\u00adground en\u00advi\u00adron\u00adment is home to a spe\u00adci\u00adfic and va\u00adried fau\u00adna in\u00adclu\u00adding se\u00adve\u00adral <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Endmisme\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>en\u00adde\u00admic spe\u00adcies<\/u><\/a>. Un\u00adder\u00adground ha\u00adbi\u00adtats are ve\u00adry stable be\u00adcause they are re\u00adla\u00adti\u00adve\u00adly unaf\u00adfec\u00adted by ex\u00adter\u00adnal va\u00adria\u00adtions (cli\u00admate, ur\u00adba\u00adni\u00adsa\u00adtion, etc.). Ho\u00adwe\u00adver, their in\u00adha\u00adbi\u00adtants are ve\u00adry sen\u00adsi\u00adtive to change. SISKA can as\u00adsess the fau\u00adna present, the sen\u00adsi\u00adti\u00advi\u00adty of the ha\u00adbi\u00adtats and the po\u00adten\u00adtial or ac\u00adtual in\u00adfluences of a de\u00adve\u00adlop\u00adment or construc\u00adtion pro\u00adject.<\/p>\n<h6>Impact on the underground climate<\/h6>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">The tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adture and hu\u00admi\u00addi\u00adty (&gt;98%) un\u00adder\u00adground is al\u00admost constant year-round. Any dis\u00adrup\u00adtion to these <strong>cli\u00adma\u00adtic condi\u00adtions<\/strong> will have an im\u00adpact on the cave, the fau\u00adna and any ar\u00adchaeo\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00adcal ar\u00adte\u00adfacts found there. Fur\u00adther\u00admore, the un\u00adder\u00adground at\u00admos\u00adphere is of\u00adten en\u00adri\u00adched with CO<sub>2<\/sub> and ra\u00addon, which can cause pro\u00adblems if the cave is oc\u00adcu\u00adpied for long per\u00adiods (e.g. ar\u00adchaeo\u00adlo\u00adgi\u00adcal ex\u00adca\u00adva\u00adtions, tou\u00adrist vi\u00adsits). SISKA can mea\u00adsure and mo\u00adni\u00adtor the cha\u00adrac\u00adte\u00adris\u00adtics of an un\u00adder\u00adground cli\u00admate sys\u00adtem and can the\u00adre\u00adfore as\u00adsess the im\u00adpact of a de\u00adve\u00adlop\u00adment or construc\u00adtion pro\u00adject on cave cli\u00admate.<\/p>\n<h6>Impact on the karstic landscape<\/h6>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Kars\u00adtic land\u00adscapes have been re\u00adco\u00adgni\u00adzed world\u00adwide for their im\u00adpor\u00adtance to our na\u00adtu\u00adral he\u00adri\u00adtage (18 lo\u00adca\u00adtions are lis\u00adted as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.naturalworldheritagesites.org\/sites\/list-map-and-description-of-caves-and-karst-sites\/\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>UNESCO World He\u00adri\u00adtage sites<\/u><\/a> and nu\u00adme\u00adrous others are lis\u00adted in the fe\u00adde\u00adral land\u00adscape in\u00adven\u00adto\u00adry). In Swit\u00adzer\u00adland, sin\u00adkholes, po\u00adtholes and caves are of\u00adten not ex\u00adpli\u00adcit\u00adly in\u00adven\u00adto\u00adried, even though they form part of the country's na\u00adtu\u00adral he\u00adri\u00adtage. SISKA can iden\u00adti\u00adfy these ob\u00adjects, as\u00adsess them and seek so\u00adlu\u00adtions to mi\u00adni\u00admise po\u00adten\u00adtial im\u00adpacts on these fea\u00adtures.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h3>Visual Karsys<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h3>Tunnel boring<\/h3>\n<div>\n<p>The Karst ALEA me\u00adthod was de\u00adve\u00adlo\u00adped spe\u00adci\u00adfi\u00adcal\u00adly to as\u00adsess the pro\u00adblems po\u00adsed by kars\u00adtic en\u00advi\u00adron\u00adments du\u00adring the construc\u00adtion of a struc\u00adture and the im\u00adpact of the pro\u00adject on the en\u00advi\u00adron\u00adment. It can be used to pre\u00addict the po\u00adsi\u00adtion and cha\u00adrac\u00adte\u00adris\u00adtics of kars\u00adtic ca\u00advi\u00adties in a li\u00admes\u00adtone mas\u00adsif.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>It al\u00adso serves as a ba\u00adsis for dra\u00adwing up col\u00adlapse ha\u00adzard maps.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/pdf\/De\/Kompetenzen\/KarstALEA.pdf\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Link to ap\u00adplied me\u00adthods Karst ALEA<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!--more--><br>\n<!-- {\"type\":\"layout\",\"children\":[{\"type\":\"section\",\"props\":{\"css\":\"@media (max-width:759px) {\\n  .el-section {\\n      height: 370px;\\n    }\\n}\\n@media (min-width:760px) {\\n    .el-section {\\n        height: 275px;\\n    }\\n}\\n@media (min-width:1200px) {\\n    .el-section {\\n        height: 340px;\\n    }\\n}\\n@media (min-width:1600px) {\\n    .el-section {\\n        height: 580px;\\n    }\\n}\\n@media (min-width:1600px) and (max-height:1100px) {\\n    .el-section {\\n        height: 460px;\\n    }\\n}\",\"image\":\"wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/01\\\/CreteVaas_2023_RW_5-scaled.jpg\",\"image_position\":\"center-center\",\"image_size\":\"cover\",\"padding\":\"large\",\"style\":\"default\",\"title_breakpoint\":\"xl\",\"title_position\":\"top-left\",\"title_rotation\":\"left\",\"vertical_align\":\"middle\",\"width\":\"default\"},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"row\",\"children\":[{\"type\":\"column\",\"props\":{\"image_position\":\"center-center\",\"position_sticky_breakpoint\":\"m\"},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"button\",\"props\":{\"css\":\".el-content {\\n    font-family: \\\"Century Gothic\\\", Verdana, sans-serif;\\n    }\\n@media (max-width:759px) {\\n  .el-content {\\n    margin: 10px 50px; \\n    width: 250px;\\n    position: relative;\\n    top: 180px;\\n  }\\n}\\n@media (min-width:760px) {\\n  .el-content {\\n    margin: 10px 6px; \\n    width: 217px;\\n    position: relative;\\n    top: 104px;\\n  }\\n}\\n@media (min-width:1200px) {\\n  .el-content {\\n    width: 260px;\\n    margin: 0px 40px;\\n    position: relative;\\n    top: 165px;\\n  }\\n}\\n@media (min-width:1600px) {\\n  .el-content {\\n    margin-top: 250px;\\n }\\n} \\n@media (min-width:1600px) and (max-height:1100px) {\\n  .el-content {\\n    margin-top: 130px;\\n }\\n} \",\"fullwidth\":false,\"grid_column_gap\":\"collapse\",\"grid_row_gap\":\"small\",\"margin\":\"default\",\"position_bottom\":\"-93\",\"position_z_index\":\"2\",\"text_align\":\"center\"},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"button_item\",\"props\":{\"button_style\":\"primary\",\"content\":\"Qui sommes nous\",\"icon_align\":\"left\",\"link\":\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/qui-sommes-nous\"}},{\"type\":\"button_item\",\"props\":{\"button_style\":\"primary\",\"content\":\"Comp\\u00e9tences\",\"icon_align\":\"left\",\"link\":\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/competences\\\/\"}},{\"type\":\"button_item\",\"props\":{\"button_style\":\"primary\",\"content\":\"Prestations\",\"icon_align\":\"left\",\"link\":\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/prestations\\\/\"}}]}]}]}],\"name\":\"Header\"},{\"type\":\"section\",\"props\":{\"css\":\"@media (max-width: 759px) {\\n    .el-row {\\n        padding-top: 135px;\\n    }\\n}\\n@media (max-width: 759px) and (orientation:landscape) {\\n    .el-row {\\n        padding-top: 140px;\\n    }\\n}\\n.el-section {\\n    font-family: 'Century Gothic', Verdana, sans-serif;\\n}\",\"image_position\":\"center-center\",\"style\":\"default\",\"title_breakpoint\":\"xl\",\"title_position\":\"top-left\",\"title_rotation\":\"left\",\"vertical_align\":\"middle\",\"width\":\"default\"},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"row\",\"children\":[{\"type\":\"column\",\"props\":{\"image_position\":\"center-center\",\"position_sticky_breakpoint\":\"m\"},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"breadcrumbs\",\"props\":{\"show_current\":true,\"show_home\":true,\"visibility\":\"s\"},\"name\":\"Breadcrumbs\"},{\"type\":\"headline\",\"props\":{\"content\":\"Consulting\",\"title_element\":\"h1\"},\"name\":\"Titre\"},{\"type\":\"accordion\",\"props\":{\"collapsible\":true,\"content_column_breakpoint\":\"m\",\"image_align\":\"top\",\"image_grid_breakpoint\":\"m\",\"image_grid_width\":\"1-2\",\"image_svg_color\":\"emphasis\",\"link_style\":\"default\",\"link_text\":\"Read more\",\"show_image\":true,\"show_link\":true},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"accordion_item\",\"props\":{\"content\":\"\n\n<p>Les eaux souterraines karstiques requierent une \\u00e9valuation de la g\\u00e9ologie en 3D. <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/pdf\\\/Fr\\\/Rd\\\/ISSKA_Brochure_KARSYS_FR.pdf\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>KARSYS<\\\/u><\\\/a> est une approche d\\u00e9ductive bas\\u00e9e sur la g\\u00e9ologie du site et sur des principes hydrauliques gouvernant la karstification. Sur un site d\\u00e9fini, l\\u2019approche se d\\u00e9ploie en 4 \\u00e9tapes : (i) identification des propri\\u00e9t\\u00e9s karstiques des aquif\\u00e8res, (ii) \\u00e9tablissement d\\u2019un mod\\u00e8le g\\u00e9ologique 3D des unit\\u00e9s aquif\\u00e8res, (iii) \\u00e9tablissement d\\u2019un mod\\u00e8le hydrog\\u00e9ologique 3D des aquif\\u00e8res par int\\u00e9gration des donn\\u00e9es hydrologiques et (iv) identification et d\\u00e9limitation des syst\\u00e8mes d\\u2019\\u00e9coulement.<br \/> Elle aboutit :<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<ul>\\n\n\n<li>\\u00e0 la d\\u00e9limitation des bassins des sources;<\\\/li>\\n\n\n<li>\\u00e0 l'\\u00e9valuation du volume de la r\\u00e9serve d'eau souterraine;<\\\/li>\\n\n\n<li>\\u00e0 une esquisse du cheminement de l'eau sous terre.<\\\/li>\\n<\\\/ul>\\n\n\n<p><a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.visualkarsys.com\\\/\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>VisualKARSYS<\\\/u><\\\/a> est un service en ligne gratuit permettant de construire et de visualiser les mod\\u00e8les KARSYS.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p>KarstMOD (mod\\u00e8les hydrologiques et hydrauliques) permet de <strong>simuler la dynamique des eaux souterraines<\\\/strong> de mani\\u00e8re quantitative, et ainsi d'\\u00e9valuer la recharge (infiltration efficace), le stockage,\\u00a0et le d\\u00e9bit d\\u2019un ou de plusieurs exutoire(s) en particulier.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p>L\\u2019ISSKA applique des m\\u00e9thodes et outils pour l\\u2019\\u00e9tude de <strong>la vuln\\u00e9rabilit\\u00e9 des eaux souterraines<\\\/strong>, la d\\u00e9limitation des <strong>zones de protection<\\\/strong> et la recherche de <strong>sources de pollution<\\\/strong>.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p>En collaboration avec d\\u2019autres partenaires sp\\u00e9cialis\\u00e9s, l'ISSKA offre des solutions pour la prospection et l'exploitation des eaux souterraines incluant une analyse des d\\u00e9bits des sources et la simulation des \\u00e9coulements sous diff\\u00e9rents sc\\u00e9narios (m\\u00e9t\\u00e9orologiques, impacts anthropiques, strat\\u00e9gies d\\u2019exploitations).<\\\/p>\",\"title\":\"Ressources en eau\"}},{\"type\":\"accordion_item\",\"props\":{\"content\":\"\n\n<p>L\\u2019ISSKA propose des d\\u00e9marches sp\\u00e9cifiques pour l\\u2019\\u00e9valuation des dangers que repr\\u00e9sente le karst pour diff\\u00e9rentes constructions et activit\\u00e9es.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>G\\u00e9nie civil et karst<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>Lors d'une construction, particuli\\u00e8rement les souterraine (<strong>tunnels, galeries,<\\\/strong> r\\u00e9servoirs\\u2026) le milieu karstique peut repr\\u00e9senter un probl\\u00e8me pour l'ouvrage (vide impr\\u00e9vu, eau sous pression et en grande quantit\\u00e9, pr\\u00e9sence de s\\u00e9diments peu consolid\\u00e9s). Gr\\u00e2ce \\u00e0 la m\\u00e9thode <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/pdf\\\/Fr\\\/Competences\\\/ISSKA_Brochure_KarstALEA_FR.pdf\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>Karst ALEA<\\\/u><\\\/a>, l\\u2019ISSKA peut <strong>pr\\u00e9dire les dangers potentiels<\\\/strong>, proposer des mesures de protection pour les minimiser et des <strong>recommandations<\\\/strong> pour les g\\u00e9rer au cas o\\u00f9 un probl\\u00e8me intervient.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>Eoliennes et karst<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>L\\u2019ISSKA d\\u00e9veloppe des m\\u00e9thodes pour <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/pdf\\\/brochure_eoliennes_f.pdf\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>\\u00e9valuer et accompagner l\\u2019implantation de mats \\u00e9oliens<\\\/u><\\\/a> en r\\u00e9gions karstiques. Le but est de minimiser les dangers du karst pour la stabilit\\u00e9 des infrastructures. <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/pdf\\\/Fr\\\/Co\\\/Patrimoine\\\/ISSKA_BrochureEvaluationProjet_FR.pdf\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">Une brochure d'information sur cette probl\\u00e9matique a \\u00e9t\\u00e9 \\u00e9dit\\u00e9e par la SSS.<\\\/a><\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>Infiltrations<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>En milieu karstique urbain, la recommandation f\\u00e9derale d'infiltration des eaux grises (eaux de toits et de routes) est probl\\u00e9matique dans la mesure o\\u00f9 ces infiltrations tendent \\u00e0 produire des effondrements. L'ISSKA peut \\u00e9tablir des cartes de dangers d'effondrements et des \\u00e9valuations \\u00e0 l'\\u00e9chelle de la parcelle. En cas d'effondrement des recommandations cibl\\u00e9es peuvent \\u00eatre d\\u00e9livr\\u00e9es.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p>Au cas o\\u00f9 des sites d'infiltration sont retenus, l'ISSKA peut d\\u00e9livrer des recommandations sur les conditions et les d\\u00e9bits d'eau infiltrables.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>Dangers d'effondrement<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>Le sous-sol karstique renferme de nombreuses cavit\\u00e9es, parfois situ\\u00e9es recouverte par une faible \\u00e9paisseure de terrain. Il n'est donc pas rare que des effondrements se produisent. L'ISSKA peut \\u00e9tablir des cartes de dangers d'effondrements et des \\u00e9valuations \\u00e0 l'\\u00e9chelle de la parcelle.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>G\\u00e9othermie<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>Les sp\\u00e9cificit\\u00e9s du karst peuvent conduire \\u00e0 un mauvais dimensionnement de projets g\\u00e9othermiques. En effet, en raison de l'importante circulation d'air et d'eau, les massifs karstiques sont plus froids que les autres types de milieux. Toutefois les sources karstiques drainent la chaleur g\\u00e9othermique et repr\\u00e9sentent des ressources int\\u00e9ressantes. L'ISSKA dispose d'une expertise unique qui permet d\\u2019<strong>\\u00e9valuer le potentiel \\u00e9nerg\\u00e9tique<\\\/strong> et la strat\\u00e9gie d'exploitation g\\u00e9othermique en r\\u00e9gion carbonat\\u00e9e.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p>L\\u2019ISSKA peut \\u00e9tablir des cartes de prescription pour l\\u2019implantation de <strong>sondes g\\u00e9othermiques<\\\/strong> en fonction de crit\\u00e8res de vuln\\u00e9rabilit\\u00e9 des eaux souterraines.<\\\/p>\",\"title\":\"Dangers li\\u00e9s au karst\"}},{\"type\":\"accordion_item\",\"props\":{\"content\":\"\n\n<p>La construction d'ouvrages et diverses activit\\u00e9es humaines (tunnels, galeries, routes, \\u00e9oliennes, g\\u00e9othermie, infiltrations d'eaux grises, etc.) peuvent induire des impacts sur le milieu karstique. L'ISSKA est sp\\u00e9cialis\\u00e9 pour les \\u00e9valuer et les minimiser, conformement \\u00e0 l'Ordonnance relative \\u00e0 l'\\u00e9tude de l'impact sur l'environnement (OEIE).<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p>L'ISSKA a developp\\u00e9 une s\\u00e9rie d'outils et de m\\u00e9thodes pour de telles \\u00e9valuations (<a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.visualkarsys.com\\\/\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>Visual KARSYS<\\\/u><\\\/a>, <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/pdf\\\/Fr\\\/Competences\\\/ISSKA_Brochure_KarstALEA_FR.pdf\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>Karst ALEA<\\\/u><\\\/a> et autres).<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>Impact sur les eaux souterraines<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>En milieu karstique la quasi totalit\\u00e9 des eaux de pluie s'infiltre dans le sous-sol et transite en quelques jours \\u00e0 quelques semaines vers les sources qui alimentent les rivi\\u00e8res. Les am\\u00e9nagements et ouvrages peuvent modifier le r\\u00e9gime, le cheminement et la qualit\\u00e9 des eaux. Ces modifications peuvent \\u00eatre critiques pour les captages d'eau potable, les rivi\\u00e8res et la faune aquatique souterraine. L'ISSKA peut \\u00e9valuer ces impacts et chercher des solutions pour les minimiser.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>Impact sur la faune souterraine<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>Le milieu souterrain abrite une faune sp\\u00e9cifique et vari\\u00e9e incluant plusieurs <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/fr.wikipedia.org\\\/wiki\\\/End%C3%A9misme\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>esp\\u00e8ces end\\u00e9miques<\\\/u><\\\/a>. Les habitats souterrains sont tr\\u00e8s stable car peu connect\\u00e9s aux variations ext\\u00e9rieures (climat, urbanisation, etc.). Par contre leurs habitants sont eux tr\\u00e8s sensibles aux changements. L'ISSKA peut \\u00e9valuer la faune pr\\u00e9sente, la sensibilit\\u00e9 des habitats et les influences potentielles ou effectives d'un projet d'amenagement ou de construction.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>Impact sur le climat souterrain<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>La temp\\u00e9rature sous terre est presque constante et l'air y est humide (&gt;98%) toute l'ann\\u00e9e. Toute perturbation de ces <strong>conditions climatiques<\\\/strong> aura un impact sur la grotte, la faune et les \\u00e9ventuels objets arch\\u00e9ologiques qui s'y trouvent. L'atmosph\\u00e8re souterraine est souvent enrichie en CO<sub>2<\\\/sub> et en radon, ce qui peut poser des probl\\u00e8mes en cas de pr\\u00e9sence prolong\\u00e9e (p.ex. fouilles arch\\u00e9ologiques, visites touristiques). L'ISSKA connait et mesure les caract\\u00e9ristiques du climat souterrain et peut ainsi \\u00e9valuer l'impact d'un projet d'amenagement ou de construction.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<h6>Impact sur le paysage karstique<\\\/h6>\\n\n\n<p>Le paysage karstique repr\\u00e9sente un patrimoine reconnu partout \\u00e0 travers le monde (18 sites inscrits au <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.naturalworldheritagesites.org\\\/sites\\\/list-map-and-description-of-caves-and-karst-sites\\\/\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>patrimoine mondial de l'UNESCO<\\\/u><\\\/a> et de nombreux sites inscrits \\u00e0 l'inventaire f\\u00e9deral des paysage). En Suisse, dolines, lapi\\u00e9s et grottes ne  sont souvent pas inventori\\u00e9s explicitement bien qu'il fassent partie des objets particuliers du patrimoine naturel. L'ISSKA peut identifier ces objets, les \\u00e9valuer et chercher des solutions pour minimiser les impacts potentiels.<\\\/p>\",\"title\":\"\\u00c9tudes d'impact\"}},{\"type\":\"accordion_item\",\"props\":{\"content\":\"\",\"title\":\"Visual Karsys\"}},{\"type\":\"accordion_item\",\"props\":{\"content\":\"\n\n<p>La m\\u00e9thode Karst ALEA a \\u00e9t\\u00e9 d\\u00e9velopp\\u00e9e sp\\u00e9cifiquement pour \\u00e9valuer les probl\\u00e8mes que le milieu karstique pose lors de la construction d'un ouvrage ainsi que\\u00a0les impacts du projet sur l'environnement. Elle permet de pr\\u00e9dire la position et les caract\\u00e9ristiques des cavit\\u00e9s karstiques dans un massif calcaire.\\u00a0<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p>Elle sert aussi de base \\u00e0 l'\\u00e9tablissement de cartes de dangers d'effondrements.<\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p><a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/devw.isska.ch\\\/pdf\\\/De\\\/Kompetenzen\\\/KarstALEA.pdf\\\" data-wplink-url-error=\\\"true\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><u>Lien vers m\\u00e9thodes appliqu\\u00e9es Karst ALEA<\\\/u><\\\/a><\\\/p>\",\"title\":\"Percement de tunnel\"}}]}]}]}],\"name\":\"Breadcrumbs_Title_Text_Sub\"}],\"version\":\"4.3.5\"} --><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qui sommes nous Com\u00adp\u00e9\u00adtences Pres\u00adta\u00adtions Consul\u00adting Res\u00adsources en eau Les eaux sou\u00adter\u00adraines kars\u00adtiques re\u00adquierent une \u00e9va\u00adlua\u00adtion de la g\u00e9o\u00adlo\u00adgie en 3D. KARSYS est une ap\u00adproche d\u00e9\u00adduc\u00adtive ba\u00ads\u00e9e sur la g\u00e9o\u00adlo\u00adgie du site et sur des prin\u00adcipes hy\u00addrau\u00adliques gou\u00adver\u00adnant la kars\u00adti\u00adfi\u00adca\u00adtion. Sur un site d\u00e9\u00adfi\u00adni, l\u2019approche se d\u00e9\u00adploie en 4 \u00e9tapes : (i) iden\u00adti\u00adfi\u00adca\u00adtion des pro\u00adpri\u00e9\u00adt\u00e9s [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":186,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2297","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2297","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2297"}],"version-history":[{"count":98,"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2297\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2988,"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2297\/revisions\/2988"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/186"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2297"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2297"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/devw.isska.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2297"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}